Micheline Calmy-Rey has a degree in political science from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva. For 20 years she ran a book distribution business. In 1979, she joined the Socialist Party of Geneva, which she later served as president for two terms.In 2002 Micheline Calmy-Rey was elected to the Swiss Federal Council and was appointed as head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA). She pursues an active foreign policy marked by a commitment to promoting peace, respect for international law and human rights, and the fight against poverty. The aim of this policy is to ensure security and well-being for all Swiss citizens. In 2007, Micheline Calmy-Rey was President of the Confederation.